ESTP


 * See also École spéciale des travaux publics. For the Socionics ESTp, see Sensory Logical Extrovert.

ESTP (Extraversion, Sensing, Thinking, Perception) is an abbreviation used in the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) publications to refer to one of the sixteen personality types. The MBTI assessment was developed from the work of prominent psychiatrist Carl G. Jung in his book Psychological Types, which proposed a psychological typology based on his theories of cognitive functions. These theories were based on clinical observation, however, rather than the controlled studies required for acceptance by the modern field of cognitive psychology.

From Jung's work, others developed psychological typologies. Well-known personality tests are the MBTI assessment, developed by Isabel Briggs Myers and Katharine Cook Briggs, and the Keirsey Temperament Sorter, developed by David Keirsey. Keirsey referred to ESTPs as Promoters, one of the four types belonging to the temperament he called the Artisan.

The MBTI instrument

 * E – Extraversion preferred to Introversion: ESTPs often feel motivated by their interaction with people. They tend to enjoy a wide circle of acquaintances, and they gain energy in social situations (whereas introverts expend energy).
 * S – Sensing preferred to intuition: ESTPs tend to be more concrete than abstract. They focus their attention on the details rather than the big picture, and on immediate realities rather than future possibilities.
 * T – Thinking preferred to Feeling: ESTPs tend to rely on objective criteria rather than personal values. When making decisions, they generally give more weight to logic than to social considerations.
 * P – Perception preferred to Judgment: ESTPs tend to withhold judgment and delay important decisions, preferring to "keep their options open" should circumstances change.

Myers-Briggs description
According to Myers-Briggs, ESTPs are hands-on learners who live in the moment, seeking the best in life, wanting to share it with their friends. The ESTP is open to situations, able to improvise to bring about desired results. They are active people who want to solve their problems rather than simply discuss them.

Keirsey description
According to Keirsey, ESTPs, or "Promoter Artisans", are the most adept among the types at manipulating other people. Promoting is the art of maneuvering others to one's position. Concrete in speech and utilitarian in action, they are smooth operators. The ESTP knows everyone who matters and everything there is to do because they are very resourceful, always knowing where the fun and action is. They like to indulge themselves in the finer things in life and to bring other people with them. Their goal in life is to sell themselves and their ideas to others. Dramatic and debonair, they are gifted at earning others' confidence.

According to Keirsey, based on observations of behavior, famous Promoters include John F. Kennedy, Teddy Roosevelt, Madonna, and Donald Trump. For more examples, see Notable Promoters.

Other characteristics

 * Outgoing
 * Charming
 * Witty
 * Fun
 * Generous
 * Observant
 * Socially sophisticated
 * Resourceful
 * Troubleshooter
 * Unpredictable
 * Action oriented
 * Clever

Cognitive functions

 * Dominant Extraverted Sensing (Se)
 * Auxiliary Introverted Thinking (Ti)
 * Tertiary Extraverted Feeling (Fe)
 * Inferior Introverted iNtuition (Ni)